During contact, a small molecule from the plant, called a hapten, binds to carrier protein in the host. 接触中，被叫做半抗原的，来自植物的一种小分子，与宿主的载体蛋白结合。
The conjugates, whose absorbance peak shifted ,and was between the absorbance peaks of haptens and carrier proteins, were confirmed by UV-scanning. 最终交联结合物进行紫外扫描，结果表明，结合抗原最大吸收峰发生了漂移，介于小分子半抗原和载体蛋白之间，表明交联成功。
