Carrierless Amplitude and Phase Modulation has emerged as the de facto standard, having captured most of the nascent market to date. 无载波振幅和相位调制正在成为事实上的标准，迄今已占了这个新生市场的大部分。
A new phase shifting shearing ESPI system which uses parallel aligned liquid crystal as a phase modulator is deceloped. 研究了向列型液晶的相位调制特性，采用平行式向列液晶作为相移器建立了相移剪切电子散斑干涉计量系统。
