During contact, a small molecule from the plant, called a hapten, binds to carrier protein in the host. 接触中，被叫做半抗原的，来自植物的一种小分子，与宿主的载体蛋白结合。
We further show that such an imprint can act as a seed in the evolution of binders that recognize the carrier protein even in the absence of the hapten modification. 我们的进一步研究还发现，即便半抗原没有被修饰，这种遗迹仍然能够作为一个信号，诱导可识别载体蛋白的结合物的演变。
